Representative before Sepblac: who, by when and how it is notified

Act 10/2010 has always asked for a representative before the Executive Service of the Commission (Sepblac). The Regulation exempted small obliged entities. Royal Decree 813/2026 of 7 October amends article 31 to ‘remove the exception hitherto contained for certain obliged entities to appoint a representative before the Executive Service’.

The other exceptions for small businesses (written procedures, risk analysis, manual, external review and annual training plan) remain.

Sources: Real Decreto 813/2026, de 7 de octubre: preámbulo, artículo quinto y disposición transitoria segunda (BOE) (dated 08/10/2026) · Real Decreto 304/2014 (Reglamento de la Ley 10/2010), artículo 31.1 (BOE, texto consolidado) (dated 08/10/2026)

Obliged entities under letters i) to u) of article 2.1 (among them estate agencies, tax advisers and accountants, lawyers, jewellers and art dealers) that employ fewer than 10 people and do not exceed €2 million. The second transitional provision gives them ‘a period of nine months, counting from the entry into force of this royal decree, to notify the Executive Service of the Commission of the appointment of their representative’.

The royal decree came into force on 28 October 2026. Counting nine months, the deadline falls on 28 July 2027; that date is not written in the BOE, it comes from the count. For all other obliged entities there is no grace period: Sepblac states that it is notified ‘immediately from the moment one acquires the status of obliged entity’.

Sources: Real Decreto 813/2026, de 7 de octubre: preámbulo, artículo quinto y disposición transitoria segunda (BOE) (dated 08/10/2026) · Sepblac, «Propuesta de nombramiento de representante ante el Sepblac» (trámite) (dated 13/11/2026)

The Act asks for ‘a person resident in Spain who holds a post of administration or management in the company’. In the case of individual business owners or professionals, ‘the owner of the activity shall be the representative before the Executive Service of the Commission’.

Sepblac warns that this appointment ‘must not be confused with the appointment as the company’s legal representative’.

Sources: Ley 10/2010, artículo 26 ter: representante ante el Servicio Ejecutivo (BOE, texto consolidado) (dated 30/09/2026) · Sepblac, «Propuesta de nombramiento de representante ante el Sepblac» (trámite) (dated 13/11/2026)

By a declaración responsable (a sworn declaration of compliance) (Regulation, art. 35.1). In practice, according to Sepblac’s procedure page: form F22, ‘duly completed and electronically signed’, sent ‘electronically through the Electronic Registry of the Bank of Spain’s Virtual Office’.

The same page adds: ‘Under no circumstances should any document other than forms F22 and F29 be sent to Sepblac’ (F29 is for groups).

A useful warning: as of 13 November 2026, other pages on Sepblac’s own website have still not been updated. The internal control measures page still says small businesses are exempt, and the frequently asked questions describe the old procedure. The one that counts is the procedure page.

Sources: Real Decreto 304/2014, artículo 35.1: representante ante el Servicio Ejecutivo (BOE, texto consolidado) (dated 08/10/2026) · Sepblac, «Propuesta de nombramiento de representante ante el Sepblac» (trámite) (dated 13/11/2026)

Two things. The first is what the company declares on the form itself: that the representative meets the requirements and that the company keeps the documentation that evidences it, available to Sepblac.

The second is their training. Article 39.4 of the Regulation asks whoever does not have to approve an annual training plan to ‘evidence that the representative before the Executive Service of the Commission has received adequate external training for the exercise of their functions’. There is no official definition of what ‘adequate’ is and no list of valid courses: it is delivered by someone from outside the company, covers the representative’s functions and is documented.

Sources: Real Decreto 304/2014 (Reglamento de la Ley 10/2010), artículo 39 (BOE, texto consolidado) (dated 08/10/2026) · Sepblac, «Propuesta de nombramiento de representante ante el Sepblac» (trámite) (dated 13/11/2026)

They are the ‘person responsible for compliance with the reporting obligations’ of the Act, with access to all the company’s information. When an employee flags a transaction that does not add up, they are the one who examines it and who takes, ‘with reasons and without delay’, the decision whether or not to report it to Sepblac.

In a small business, with no internal control body, they are also the person everyone asks. That is why they have to know more than the rest.

Sources: Ley 10/2010, artículo 26 ter: representante ante el Servicio Ejecutivo (BOE, texto consolidado) (dated 30/09/2026) · Real Decreto 304/2014, artículo 25: examen especial (BOE, texto consolidado) (dated 08/10/2026)

The Act lists among serious infringements ‘failure to comply with the obligation to notify the Executive Service of the Commission of the proposed appointment of the obliged entity’s representative’ (art. 52.1 n).

Source: Ley 10/2010, artículo 52.1: infracciones graves (BOE, texto consolidado) (dated 30/09/2026)